Izinto Eziphilayo Eziguqukayo Olwandle Ngemva Kokungcola

I-Polluted Pacific Ocean

Ukukhishelwa kwamanzi angcolile enuzi aseJapan ePacific Ocean kuyiqiniso elingenakushintshwa, futhi ngokohlelo lwaseJapan, kufanele aqhubeke ekhishwa amashumi eminyaka. Ekuqaleni, lolu hlobo lokungcoliswa kwemvelo kufanele lugxekwe yibo bonke abathanda ukuphila nemvelo. Kodwa-ke, ngenxa yokubandakanyeka kwenani elikhulu lezithakazelo, isayensi nempilo kuphinde kuthunjwe imali nezintshisakalo.

Ngokokuqondisa kwamandla olwandle eNyakatho Pacific, amanzi angcolile enyukliya azosuka e-Japan futhi akhukhule aye ngasempumalanga eduze ne-Kuroshio egelezela enyakatho ngasogwini olusempumalanga ye-Japan, kanye nokugeleza kwe-pro tidal okugeleza eningizimu ukusuka e-Arctic. Izowela yonke iPacific Ocean futhi ifinyelele eduze kwaseCalifornia, e-USA, bese igeleza ibheke enyakatho ngaseCanada eduze nomngcele ophakathi kwe-United States neCanada, ilandelwe yi-Alaska, iBering Sea, kanye neNhlonhlo yaseKamchatka yaseRussia. Ekugcineni, iSouth Korea (i-tributary) izozungeza ibuyele eJapan; Enye ingxenye, kanye nomsinga oseningizimu yeCalifornia ogudla lonke ugu olusentshonalanga ye-United States, ijikela ngasentshonalanga eduze nenkabazwe, idlule eHawaii, ePapua New Guinea, e-Indonesia, ePalau, nasePhilippines. Khona-ke, ijika enyakatho futhi idlule eTaiwan ukuze ibuyele eJapane. Eminye imingenela izogelezela e-East China Sea naseNingizimu China Sea eduze kwase-Taiwan, futhi ingxenye encane izongena emanzini eduze neNingizimu Korea.

Ngemva kokufunda lo mzila, ungaqonda ukuthi kungani uMongameli waseNingizimu Korea esekela ngokungenamahloni ukukhishwa kwendle yenuzi yase-Japan, ngoba indlela yokukhipha ibheke oLwandlekazini i-Pacific ngasempumalanga, hhayi oLwandle lwase-Japan ngasentshonalanga. INingizimu Korea izoba ngeyokugcina futhi ezongcoliswa kancane.

Abanye abantu bathi i-International Atomic Energy Agency ayisho ukuthi icebo laseJapan lokukhipha amanzi angcolile enuzi liyahambisana nezindinganiso zokuphepha zomhlaba wonke? Kodwa-ke, ngesikhathi sangempela, i-International Atomic Energy Agency ayinazo izindinganiso zokuchithwa kwamanzi angcolile enuzi olwandle, kuphela izindinganiso zamazwe ngamazwe zokuchitheka kwamanzi angcolile enuzi olwandle. Kunomehluko omkhulu phakathi kwalokhu okubili. Amanzi angcolile enuzi avele apholiswe ngamanzi angaphandle kukaphethiloli wenuzi wesikhungo samandla enuzi, anenani elikhulu lemishini yokuhlukanisa phakathi. Amanzi kanye nophethiloli wenuzi akuxhumene ngqo noma kungcolile. Indle yenuzi eTokyo ingamafutha enuzi aye achayeka ngokuqondile emanzini, futhi amanzi aqukethe inani elikhulu lezinto ezingcolisa izikhali zenuzi. Lokhu kufana nomehluko phakathi komuntu ohamba eduze kwesikhungo samandla enuzi nokuhamba endaweni yesigameko sokuqhuma kwebhomu lenuzi.

II Izehlakalo Zokungcoliswa Kwasolwandle e-United States

Abantu abaningi bayamangala ukuthi izindawo ezingcoliswe kakhulu ngaphandle kwezilwandle ezizungezile zaseJapane yi-United States neCanada, kodwa kubonakala sengathi abakuzwa ukuphikisa kwabo. Esikhundleni salokho, umhlangano ozoba seCamp David e-United States ekupheleni kwale nyanga uzogunyaza ukukhishwa kwegesi yaseJapan. Ukungcoliswa kolwandle ngabantu sekunesikhathi eside kuqhubeka, futhi ukuyekethisa kwezithakazelo, imali namandla ezinye izinhlangano zamazwe ngamazwe nezikazwelonke sekuyinto evamile. Ungacabangi ukuthi iYurophu neMelika banamalungelo abantu bangempela nokuthi yonke into isekelwe ezithakazelweni zabantu babo.

Ngo-April 2010, i-BP e-UK yabhekana nokuqhuma endaweni yayo yokumba uwoyela olwandle ejulile eGulf of Mexico, okwaholela ekufeni kwabantu abangu-11 kanye nemiphongolo kawoyela eyizigidi ezingu-4.9 evuza olwandle. Ukwengeza, amalitha ayizigidi ezi-2 zama-ejenti wokubola kwamakhemikhali, njengokubola kwe-petroleum kanye ne-2-butoxyethanol, kamuva kwasetshenziswa. Lezi ejenti zokubola sekuyisikhathi eside "ziyi-mutagenic" ngokwanele ukuncibilikisa uwoyela, amafutha, nerabha, eziwusizo kakhulu ekumunceni uwoyela, kodwa ezimbi kakhulu kuyo yonke indawo ezungezile, Ukungcola Kwesikhathi eside kungase kudlule ngisho nokukawoyela.

Eminyakeni eyalandela, kwenzeka izenzakalo ezingajabulisi, njengoba abadobi emanzini asogwini lweGulf of Mexico babamba inqwaba yezilwane eziguquliwe, kuhlanganise nezimfanzi ezinamaqhubu kawoyela emakhanda abo, inhlanzi nezimfanzi ngaphandle kwamehlo, izinhlanzi ezinezilonda exudate, izinkalankala ezinezimila ezinamafutha. izimbobo emagobolondweni azo, izinkalankala nezimfanzi ezingenaziphopho, kanye nenani elikhulu lezilwane ezinamagobolondo aqinile amagobolondo azo aqinile aphenduke amagobolondo athambile. IGulf of Mexico ihlinzeka ngamaphesenti angama-40 okudla kwasolwandle e-United States, futhi phakathi nalesi sikhathi, ama-50% ezimfanzi abanjwe atholakala engenawo amehlo. Okunye ukuhlola okwenziwa yiNyuvesi yaseNingizimu Florida kwathola ukuthi ukulimala kwesikhumba nezilonda ezinhlanzini ngaphambi kokungcola kwakukodwa enkulungwaneni, kuyilapho ngemva kokungcola kwanda izikhathi ezingu-50 kuya ku-5%.

Nokho, ngemva kwesigameko sokungcola, umbiko womphakathi we-FDA wathi ukudla kwasolwandle eGulf of Mexico manje sekuphephile njengangaphambi kwengozi, futhi abantu bangakudla ngokuthula kwengqondo. Ukudla kwasolwandle eGulf of Mexico sekuhlolwe kakhulu emhlabeni. Ezinsukwini ezimbalwa kamuva, i-BP Oil Company yanxephezela u-$7.8 billion kubahlali nabadobi baseGulf abathintekayo. Akunankinga, kungani unxephezela imali engaka?

III Ukwehluka kwezilwane zasolwandle

Izimo ezifanayo ziyaqhubeka ukwenzeka emhlabeni wonke. Ngo-2014, kwatholakala isidumbu sehlengethwa esinezinyanga eziyi-12 ogwini lolwandle eTürkiye. Leli hlengethwa linamakhanda amabili futhi amehlo alo awakakhuli ngokugcwele. Ngo-2011, abadobi eZiqhingini zaseFlorida bathwebula ushaka onamakhanda amabili, ofana noshaka onamakhanda amathathu kumafilimu ezinganekwane zesayensi. Kamuva, izazi zezinto eziphilayo zasolwandle e-University of Michigan zawuhlinza ushaka futhi zabonisa ukuthi ungushaka wangempela. Uma kubhekwa ukuthi bobabili oshaka abanamakhanda amabili namahlengethwa amabili anamakhanda babelana ngomzimba ojwayelekile namakhanda amabili ajwayelekile, ososayensi bakuphikile ukuthi kungenzeka ukuthi lolu shintsho lusuka kumawele ahlangene.

NgoNovemba 2016, umkhumbi owawuthwele amathani angu-5000 wezithako ze-engineering whey protein (ngezinjongo zokuqina) wabhekana nomoya onamandla e-Atlantic futhi walahlekelwa impahla yawo eminingi. Ezinyangeni ezimbalwa kamuva, abadobi baseYurophu babamba izinhlanzi eziguquliwe ogwini olusentshonalanga yeFrance, ezinokuqina okuqinile kwemisipha, ikakhulukazi imisipha yomhlathi eqine ngendlela engavamile. Abanye abadobi baye bathola ukuthi izinzipho ezinkulu zezinkalankala zendawo nazo zinamandla futhi zinamandla kunakuqala. Ososayensi basikisela ukuthi kungase kubangelwe ukulahlekelwa i-protein powder, futhi ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, kungase kuholele ekuhlukeni kwezilwane zasolwandle zaseNyakatho ye-Atlantic kanye nokuthuthukiswa kwezitho ezifana nezabantu, kanye nemizimba emikhulu futhi enamandla kakhulu.

Yize le micimbi idonse amehlo ezinkundleni zokuxhumana, okhulumela iMarine Association uqinisekise umphakathi ukuthi akukho okumele ukhathazeke ngakho, isikhulumi sithe, “Imithombo yezemvelo yenza ihaba ngemibiko emayelana nezilwane zasolwandle ezinamandla kakhulu nezithuthukile. Nsuku zonke, izimpahla zilahleka olwandle, kodwa izinto eziphilayo eziseduze zasemanzini azithinteki. izingxenye ezimbili kwezintathu zomhlaba ulwandle, futhi uma okuthile kungcolisa ingxenye ethile, kunezindawo eziningi lapho izilwane zasendle zingafuduka khona. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ngisho noma izinhlanzi ezithile zingaba usongo kubantu, kungani zenza kanjalo? Akukho esikwenzile ukubenza bangajabuli.

Akwanele yini ngabantu ukuba bangcolise indawo ezungezile ukuze bazuze bona ukuze benze ezinye izinto eziphilayo zizwe benengeka? Uma ngabe bekukhona u-Godzilla kulo mhlaba, ngabe sisekhona isizathu sokulimala esintwini? Angazi noma bayiziphukuphuku ngempela abantu balezi zikhungo noma bavinjwe yimali. Ngikholelwa ukuthi bonke labo abanonembeza nothando bazomelana nokungcoliswa kwemvelo kweJapane nokudedelwa kwayo kwamanzi angcolile enuzi ePacific. Njengoba abanye abangani beshilo, uma amanzi angcolile enuzi ephephile ngempela, asidingi abaholi baseJapane nabaseNingizimu Korea ukuthi bawaphuze (mhlawumbe ngeke balokothe). Inqobo nje uma isetshenziselwa ukuchelela amasimu emifino e-Japan naseNingizimu Korea, iwukusebenzisa kabusha kwangempela kwamanzi angcolile.