Ikati elifuywayo liphila isikhathi esingakanani?

Ikati elifuywayo eliphumelelayo

Kunezinhlobo eziningi zezilwane ezinjengamabhubesi, amahlosi, izingulule, izingwe, njalonjalo. Kodwa-ke, izilwane eziphumelela kakhulu ze-feline akuzona amahlosi anamandla namabhubesi abesilisa, kodwa amakati afuywayo. Kusukela isinqumo sekati elifuywayo lokungena emikhayeni yabantu lisuka endle eminyakeni engu-6000 edlule, liye laba esinye sezilwane eziphumelela kakhulu. Eminyakeni eyizinkulungwane ezimbalwa ezedlule, inani lazo zonke izinhlobo ze-feline ngaphandle kwamakati afuywayo liye lehla kakhulu, kuyilapho inani lamakati afuywayo (izinhlobo, hhayi amakati agcinwe ekhaya, kuhlanganise namakati asendle, amakati alahlekile, njll.) 1 billion. Lapho sikhuluma ngezinja kumagazini odlule, sishilo ukuthi ezilwaneni ezincelisayo, ubukhulu bomzimba bukhulu, ubude besikhathi sokuphila, kanye nobukhulu bomzimba omncane, bufushane isikhathi sokuphila. Izinja azifani, kanti namakati angenye into ehlukile. Ngokujwayelekile, amakati mancane ngosayizi futhi aphila isikhathi eside kunezinja. Bakhudlwana kuphela kunogwaja, kodwa isikhathi sabo sokuphila singaphezu kokuphindwe kabili ubude. Kunemibono ehlukahlukene ngesikhathi sokuphila kwamakati afuywayo, kodwa odokotela abaningi bakholelwa ukuthi isilinganiso sokuphila kwamakati akhuliswa emakhaya amahle sineminyaka engu-15-20 ubudala, kanti amanye amakati ayisimangaliso aphila ngisho nangaphezulu kweminyaka engama-30 ubudala.

Njengodokotela wezilwane owakhulisa amakati amabili aphila iminyaka engu-19, ngikholelwa ukuthi izici ezibaluleke kakhulu ezithinta isikhathi sokuphila kwamakati ukudla kwesayensi, ukubhekwa ngokucophelela nokutholwa kwezifo kusenesikhathi, ukunakekelwa okuhle kwezokwelapha, indawo enokuthula nezinzile, kanye nokunciphisa inani lamakati ekhaya. Njengoba isisho sisho, kunengqondo ukuthi amakati abe nesikhathi eside sokuphila. Esicwaningweni sokufa kwekati, izimbangela ezivame kakhulu kwakuyi-trauma (12.2%), isifo sezinso (12.1%), izifo ezingezona eziqondile (11.2%), izimila (10.8%), nezilonda ezinkulu (10.2%).

Isici sempilo

Ngokusho kwe-Journal of Feline Medicine, ubude bokuphila kwamakati buthonywa izici eziningi, ezihlanganisa impilo, ukuphepha kwemvelo, isisindo, uhlobo, ubulili, kanye nokuvala inzalo.

1: Xhumana nodokotela njalo mayelana nempilo yamakati. Amakati ahlolwa minyaka yonke ngemva kokuguga avame ukuba nesikhathi eside sokuphila uma kuqhathaniswa namakati anganakekelwa futhi asetshenziswa njengendawo yokudlala;

2: Amakati agcinwa wodwa futhi angavamile ukuphuma ekhaya aphila isikhathi eside kakhulu kunamakati ahlala ngamaqembu noma aphuma njalo;

3: Kuwo wonke amagremu ayi-100 esisindo esidlula isisindo somuntu omdala esifanelekile, isikhathi sokuphila sekati sizofinyezwa ngezinsuku ezingu-7.3, okubonisa ukuthi amakati akhuluphele futhi akhuluphele kakhulu azofinyeza ukuphila kwawo;

4: Isilinganiso sokuphila kwamakati ayingxube siyizinsuku ezingama-463.5 ubude kunamakati ahlanzekile; Ukuphila kwamakati ahlanzekile kuyahluka kakhulu phakathi kwezinhlobo ezahlukene, kanti ikati elikhulu le-Maine Coon linesilinganiso sokuphila seminyaka eyi-10-13 kuphela, kuyilapho amakati e-Siamese anesilinganiso sokuphila seminyaka engu-15-20;

5: Isilinganiso sokuphila kwekati lesifazane yinde ngezinsuku ezingama-485 kuneyekati eliduna;

6: Ukuphila kwamakati avalelwe inzalo yizinsuku ezingama-390 kunesilinganiso sempilo yamakati angahlutshiwe;

Umnikazi werekhodi lekati elaphila isikhathi eside kunawo wonke emlandweni ikati elibizwa ngokuthi “Creme Puff” laseTexas, e-USA. Iphile iminyaka engama-38 nezinsuku ezi-3 futhi njengamanje iphethe irekhodi lomhlaba leGuinness.

Isigaba sobudala

Esikhathini esedlule, ezinye izifundo zaqhathanisa iminyaka yamakati neyabantu, futhi zamane zafingqa ngokuthi unyaka owodwa kubantu ucishe ulingane neminyaka eyi-7 yamakati. Lokhu akulungile ngoba amakati avuthwa kakhulu kunonyaka owodwa kunabantu abaneminyaka engu-7 ubudala, futhi ukukhula kwawo ngokwengqondo nangokomzimba kusuke kuvuthiwe. Njengamanje ucwaningo lwesayensi luthi uJanuwari wamakati ulingana nonyaka owodwa kubantu, uMashi wamakati ulingana neminyaka emine kubantu, uJuni kumakati ulingana neminyaka eyi-10 kubantu, uDecember wamakati ulingana neminyaka eyi-15 kubantu, izinyanga eziyi-18 kumakati ulingana neminyaka engama-21. kubantu, iminyaka emi-2 ngamakati ilingana neminyaka engama-24 kubantu, futhi iminyaka emi-3 yamakati ilingana neminyaka engama-28 kubantu. Kusukela manje kuqhubeke, cishe njalo ngonyaka wokukhula kwekati ilingana neminyaka emi-4 kubantu.

Amakati ngokuvamile adlula ezigabeni ezinhlanu zokuphila kwawo, futhi izindlela zawo zokunakekela zingahluka kakhulu. Abanikazi bamakati bangahlela kusengaphambili ukubhekana nezinkinga ezithile zempilo nokuziphatha.

1: Phakathi nesigaba sezinyane lekati (iminyaka engu-0-1 ubudala), amakati azovezwa ekudleni okuningi okusha, okuyisigaba esingcono kakhulu sokufunda nokuthuthukisa imikhuba, kanye nesikhathi esingcono kakhulu sokuba enze abangane. Ngokwesibonelo, ukujwayelana nezinye izilwane ezifuywayo, ukujwayelana namalungu omkhaya, ukujwayelana nomsindo we-TV nomakhalekhukhwini, nokujwayelana nemikhuba yokuzilungisa nokugona komnikazi wesilwane esifuywayo. Funda ukusebenzisa indlu yangasese endaweni efanele futhi useshe ukudla ngesikhathi esifanele. Abanikazi bezilwane ezifuywayo kufanele badle ukudla okulungiselelwe ukukhula ngokukhethekile ngalesi sikhathi. Badinga amakhalori aphezulu ukuze babasize baqine. Ngokwezidingo ze-American Feed Management Association, ukudla okufanele kufanele kubhalwe “njengokunikeza umsoco ophelele wamakati akhulayo”. Amakati nawo asesikhathini sokugonywa kokuqala, njengamarabi, i-feline distemper, kanye ne-herpesvirus ye-feline. Njengoba bekhula, bangase bacabangele ukuvala inzalo ukuze banciphise amathuba okuba nomdlavuza noma izifo ezithile zokuzala esikhathini esizayo.

2: Phakathi nesigaba sobusha (iminyaka engu-1-6 ubudala), abangani abaningi bangezwa ukuthi izici ezinkulu zamakati zisebenza kakhulu futhi zinelukuluku lokufuna ukwazi. Imizimba yabo isivele yathuthuka futhi isidingo sabo samandla nokudla sehlile. Ngakho-ke, kufanele bashintshele ekudleni kwekati futhi balawule ukudla kwabo ngokwesilinganiso sokudla kwekati ukuze banciphise amathuba okuba bakhuluphale esikhathini esizayo. Amakati ale minyaka awakwazi ukumelana nezifo ezithile, njengesifuba somoya, izifo zokuphefumula, i-cystitis, noma amatshe, avame kakhulu. Ukutholwa kusenesikhathi kokubonakaliswa kwalezi zifo ezingapheli kungaholela ekululameni isikhathi eside futhi kugweme ukuhlaselwa okunamandla.

3: Esigabeni sokuvuthwa (iminyaka engu-6-10 ubudala), abanikazi bezilwane ezifuywayo bangase baqaphele ukuthi amakati abo asevilapha. Abadlali njalo, kodwa kunalokho bahlala lapho futhi babuke indawo ebazungezile ngombono waphezulu. Amanye amakati avuthiwe angase ajwayele ukusebenza kakhulu ebusuku kunasemini, kuyilapho elele ngokuyinhloko phakathi nosuku. Okunye ukubonakaliswa kungase kube endlini yangasese yamakati, lapho amakati agcina indle ngokungakhathali ebusheni bawo engasalifihli iphunga lendle yawo kule minyaka. Amakati kule minyaka kufanele aqale ukubheka ukuziphatha kwawo kokukhotha izinwele. Amabhola ezinwele avinjwa esiswini futhi anciphise isisindo, ikakhulukazi egxile ekuguleni kwezinsini. Kunconywa ukugcina umkhuba wokuxubha amazinyo noma uqale ukusebenzisa i-mouthwash gel. Ezinye izitho zomzimba nazo zingase ziqale ukuba nezifo kule minyaka, okuvame kakhulu ukuhluleka kwezinso, izifo zesistimu yokugaya ukudla, isifo samathambo, nezinye izifo.

4: Esigabeni sokuguga (iminyaka engu-11-14 ubudala), amakati aqala ukuguquka kusukela ebudaleni kuya ekugugeni, kodwa iminyaka yokuguquka iyahluka kakhulu kuye ngokuthi hlobo luni. Isikhathi sokulala sikhula kancane kancane, kodwa basalondoloza ubungqabavu namandla emisipha iminyaka eminingi. Ngaphambili, ezinye izifo ezifihlekile ezingapheli zaqala ukubonakala kancane kancane, njengamatshe, ukwehluleka kwezinso, i-cirrhosis, i-cataract, umfutho wegazi ophakeme, isifo samathambo, nezinye izifo. Mayelana nokudla, kuye kwaba nokuguquguquka ekudleni kwamakati asebekhulile agayeka kalula futhi anamandla alinganiselwe, futhi inani lokudla okudliwe liye lehla kancane kancane.

5: Esigabeni sokukhula esithuthukile (ngaphezu kweminyaka engu-15), amakati kule minyaka akuthola kunzima ukubona ukudlala okusebenzayo kanye nelukuluku lokwazi ngezinye izinto. Umsebenzi wabo abawuncamela kakhulu kungaba ukumba izikhwama zepulasitiki. Ngokuvamile zichitha isikhathi esiningi zilele noma zidla, ngezinye izikhathi zivuka ziyophuza amanzi futhi zikhothe uboya bazo, futhi zigcagca elangeni. Ngemuva kwalesi sikhathi, ngisho nezifo ezincane kusukela esemncane zingabaholela ekupheleni kokuphila kwabo, ngakho-ke uma ubona izinguquko ekudleni noma umchamo, thintana nodokotela ngesikhathi esifanele.

Nginikeza iziphakamiso ezi-3 zokudla kubanikazi bamakati, okuhlanganisa ukugoma okufika ngesikhathi ngisho namakati angaphumi; Ukubheka ngokucophelela impilo yansuku zonke nokunakekelwa kwesayensi okuvimbele; Gada ukudla kwekati nesisindo, ungaba mncane noma ungabi namafutha.