Ukuxoxa Ngokuhluleka Kwezinso Zenja Futhi

-Ukwehluleka kwezinso okuyinkimbinkimbi-

Ezinsukwini eziyi-10 ezidlule noma ngaphezulu, izinja ezimbili ziye zabhekana nokwehluleka kwezinso okukhulu, enye yahamba, kanti omunye umnikazi wesilwane esifuywayo usasebenza kanzima ukuze beselapha. Isizathu esenza sicace kakhulu ngokuhluleka kwezinso okukhulu kungenxa yokuthi ngesikhathi sokuhlolwa kokuqala kwe-biochemical, izinkomba zesibindi nezinso zazinempilo kakhulu, futhi azikho izimpawu zokuhluleka kwezinso emzimbeni. Ngemuva kwezinsuku ezingu-1-2 zokuhlolwa, umzimba ngokuzumayo wazizwa ungakhululekile, nokuncipha kwesifiso sokudla, ubuthakathaka bomzimba, nokukhathala kwengqondo. Kwathi ngosuku lwesithathu lokuya esibhedlela ukuyohlolwa, izinkomba zezinso zabonisa ukwehluleka kwezinso okusobala, nezinkomba zesibindi nazo zanda. Ngokushesha, ezinye izifo zesitho ezibalulekile ezifana ne-uremia, ukwehluleka kwenhliziyo, ne-hepatic encephalopathy zavela ngokulandelana phakathi kwezinsuku ezimbalwa. Noma yisiphi salezi zifo singaholela ekufeni kwezinja… Kungani ukwehluleka kwezinso kusabisa kangaka? Ingabe lisekhona ithemba ngemva kokwehluleka kwezinso?

Kuyini ukwehluleka kwezinso ezinjeni? Okokuqala, ukwehluleka kwezinso akusona isifo esisodwa, kodwa igama elihlangene lempendulo yezifo eziningi ezihlobene nempilo yezinso kanye nokwehla kokusebenza. Inso enempilo inesibopho sokulawula uketshezi emzimbeni, ikhiphe amahomoni adingekayo ukuze kukhiqizwe amangqamuzana abomvu egazi, isuse ubuthi be-metabolic, nokugcina ibhalansi ye-electrolyte iyonke. Lapho izinso zinezinkinga, azikwazi ukwenza le misebenzi ngokuphumelelayo, ngakho-ke ukwehluleka kwezinso ngokuvamile kuholela ekulahlekelweni kwegazi, ukungalingani kwe-electrolyte, i-acidosis, i-alkalosis, ne-uremia.

Ukwehluleka kwezinso kwenja kungahlukaniswa kube ukwehluleka okukhulu kwezinso kanye nokwehluleka okungapheli kwezinso. Isizathu esivame kakhulu sokwehluleka kwezinso okukhulu sihlobene nokungenwa ubuthi noma izifo, okungase kubangele ukwehla kungazelelwe ekusebenzeni kwezinso phakathi namahora ambalwa noma izinsuku. Iningi lokuhluleka kwezinso ezinzima kunzima ukubona imbangela yalesi sifo, ngaphandle uma kuwumuthi ongalungile onganqunywa ngamarekhodi emithi. Ukwehluleka kwezinso okungapheli kuyintuthuko ehlala amasonto, izinyanga, noma ngisho neminyaka, ngokuncipha okuqhubekayo kokusebenza kwezinso. E-United States, ingxenye enkulu yayo ihlobene ngokuqondile nokuguga, futhi e-China, ukudla okungapheli okuhlala isikhathi eside kwezinto eziyingozi noma imikhuba yokudla engavumelani nesayensi nakho kuhlobene. Imbangela yokwehluleka kwezinso okungapheli kunzima kakhulu ukunquma. Kuphela lapho izinso zilahlekelwa umsebenzi wayo ngaphezu kwama-75% lapho kuzoba khona ukubonakaliswa kwaselabhorethri. Kungenzeka kakhulu ukuthi ngemva kokudla ukudla okuthile unyaka, ngeke kube nezinkinga. Lapho ifinyelela onyakeni o-1 nosuku olungu-1, izinso iyobe isiwohlokile isuka enanini iye kwikhwalithi, okuholela ekuhlulekeni kwezinso.

-Izici ezibangela ukwehluleka kwezinso,

Noma yisiphi isici esithinta impilo yezinso singaholela ekuhlulekeni kwezinso. Uma kunemininingwane, izizathu zingahlukaniswa cishe zibe amaphuzu alandelayo

I-1: Ukuguga akubonakali nje ebusweni obubuthakathaka nokukhuthazela, kodwa futhi kuholela ekwehleni kokusebenza kahle kokuvuselelwa kweseli ye-visceral, kancane kancane kuncipha ukusebenza kwesitho. Lesi yisizathu esiyinhloko sokwehluleka kwezinso okungapheli okubangelwa izici ezingezona zangaphandle. Ezihlokweni ezedlule ezikhuluma ngezinja esezikhulile, sethule ukuthi izifo zenhliziyo nezinso yizona zimbangela ezivame kakhulu zokufa kwezinja esezikhulile.

2: Izinkinga zokukhula kokuzalwa noma zofuzo, ukukhula okungavamile kwezinso, ama-cysts, noma ukuba nenso eyodwa kuphela lapho uzalwa kungaholela emthwalweni omkhulu ezinso, konke okungaholela ekuhlulekeni kwezinso.

3: Ukutheleleka kwamagciwane, izifo eziningi ezithathelwanayo kanye namagciwane angahlasela izinso, abangele ukulimala kwamangqamuzana ezinso. Iningi lazo libangelwa ukubhukuda emanzini angcolile nangcolile, noma ukuphuza amanzi angcolile ezindaweni zasendle ngaphandle. Lawa magciwane noma amagciwane ngokuvamile abangela ukuvuvukala kwezinso nokulimala kwamangqamuzana, okulandelwa ukusebenza kwezinso buthaka, umfutho ophakeme, futhi ekugcineni ukungasebenzi kwezinso.

4: I-Nephrotoxicity iyimbangela evame kakhulu yokwehluleka kwezinso e-China, futhi izinto ezinobuthi zingalimaza amaseli ezinso. Lapho izinja zidla ukudla okunobuthi, okunjenge-antifreeze neminduze, ukudla okuningi kungabangela ukungasebenzi kwezinso, futhi kungabi nawo ngisho nomuthi wokuyelapha; Imithi eminingi ingabangela ukwehluleka kwezinso, njengemithi eminingi ebandayo kanye ne-gentamicin. Okungenani ingxenye yemiyalelo yomuthi ithi isifo sezinso kufanele selashwe ngokuqapha noma umthamo oncishisiwe usetshenziselwe ukungasebenzi kahle kwezinso.

5: Ukuphelelwa amanzi emzimbeni okukhulu, isifo sohudo esiqhubekayo, ukuhlanza, ukusha, ukopha okukhulu, ama-ascites, nokunye.

- Ukwehluleka kwe-renal okungapheli -

Ukwehluleka kwezinso okubuhlungu nokungapheli kokubili yizifo ezimbi kakhulu ezingasongela ukuphila kwezinja. Ukwehluleka okukhulu kwezinso kungase kufe phakathi nezinsuku ezimbalwa, kodwa into enhle ukuthi ngokwelashwa okufanele, inhlanhla ingaholela ekululameni okuphelele. Ukwehluleka kwezinso okungamahlalakhona kungase kungabonisi izimpawu ezisobala esikhathini esifushane, kodwa ukukhula kwalesi sifo kwenzeka ngezikhawu futhi akunakulapheka ngokuphelele. Ingakwazi kuphela ukulondoloza izinso ekulahlekelweni ngokuphelele ukusebenza futhi yandise izinga lokuphila.

Ngokusho kwe-International Renal Association (IRIS), ukwehluleka kwezinso okungapheli kuhlukaniswa ngamazinga amane. Izinga eliphakeme kakhulu, izimpawu eziningi zezilwane ezifuywayo ziba nezimpawu eziningi, kanye nokwelashwa kwangaphambi kwesikhathi, kulapho ziphila khona isikhathi eside. Ngokwezibalo zenhlangano, isikhathi esimaphakathi sokusinda kwezinja esigabeni sokuqala sokwehluleka kwezinso okungamahlalakhona sidlula izinsuku ezingama-400, isikhathi sokusinda esimaphakathi esigabeni sesibili siyizinsuku ezingama-200-400, isigaba sesithathu izinsuku eziyi-100-200, futhi ukusinda. isikhathi esigabeni sesine izinsuku 14-80 kuphela. Eqinisweni, ukutholwa kwezifo kusenesikhathi kanye nokunakekelwa kwesayensi kwabanikazi bezilwane ezifuywayo kudlala indima ebalulekile kubude bempilo. Ngaphandle kwe-dialysis, empeleni akukho ukwelashwa okuqondile kwezidakamizwa zokwehluleka kwezinso, ngakho umphumela womuthi ongakhethi ungase empeleni usheshise isivinini sokukhula kwesifo.

Njengoba ukutholakala kusenesikhathi kubalulekile, yiziphi izimpawu zokwehluleka kwezinso? Isizathu sokuthi kungani ukwehluleka kwezinso okungapheli kunzima ukukubona kungenxa yokuthi izimpawu zakho zokuqala azibonakali kakhulu, futhi ukutholakala kuvame ukuhambisana nezici zengozi, njengokwanda komchamo esinyeni kanye nokuncipha kokuphuma komchamo; Isibonelo, ubuthakathaka besistimu kanye nokukhathala kwengqondo okubangelwa ukwehla kokuqukethwe kwe-potassium egazini; Isibonelo, ukuhlanza njalo kanye nesifo sohudo ngezikhathi ezithile; Njengoba isimo siba sibi kakhulu, kungase kube nezinye izimpawu ezisobala, njengegazi emchameni, ukozela nokukhathala, i-anemia nezinsini eziphaphathekile, izilonda zomlomo ezibeleselayo, ukuncipha okukhulu kwesisindo, ukulawulwa kobuchopho buthaka emzimbeni, ukuhamba ngendlela engazinzile, ukuncipha kwesifiso sokudla, umchamo oweqile kakhulu noma owehlile;

Ngemva kokuzwa lezi zimpawu ezingenhla, phuthuma isilwane sakho usiyise esibhedlela esiseduzane esingcono kakhulu ukuze sihlolwe amakhemikhali ezinto eziphilayo. Ngokuvamile kunconywa ukwenza ukuhlolwa kwamakhemikhali ezinto eziphilayo nezinto eziyi-16 noma ngaphezulu, okumele kufake izinkomba zezinso ezifana ne-creatinine, i-urea nitrogen, ne-phosphorus. Ngenxa yokuthi isibindi nezinso kuvame ukukhula ndawonye, ​​ukuhlola izinkomba zesibindi nakho kubalulekile. Ngokusekelwe emiphumeleni yokuhlolwa, thola uhlobo lokuhluleka kwezinso, zama ukuhlonza imbangela yokwehluleka kwezinso ngangokunokwenzeka, bese uthola ukwelashwa okuhlosiwe. Ngokuqinile, ngokuqinile, bese ulawula ngokuqinile impilo nokudla, ngale ndlela kuphela ukuthuthukiswa kwesifo kungase kubambezeleke ngangokunokwenzeka futhi izinga lokuphila likhuphuke.