Ungayikhetha kanjani indiza yokuhamba kwezilwane zasekhaya?

Muva nje, inyakatho ibanda ngokungajwayelekile, futhi ngokufika komkhosi wentwasahlobo, ngikholwa ukuthi iningi labanikazi bezilwane zasekhaya eNyakatho bayoba nefrese yokundiza izingane zabo eningizimu ukuchitha ubusika obufudumele. Kodwa-ke, izilwane ezifuywayo ezindizayo zomoya zihlala zisenza sikhathazeke ngezingozi ezingaba khona ngesikhathi sokuhamba. Ingabe ikhona indlela yokunciphisa ingozi yezingozi? Ngabe abanikazi bezilwane ezifuywayo kufanele banake kuphi? Namuhla sizokwethula indlela yokukhetha indiza lapho sithutha izilwane ezifuywayo?

Eminyakeni engaphezu kwengu-10 eyedlule, lapho uhambisa izilwane ezifuywayo, okuphathelene nokuphathelene nokuningi kanye nombuzo ovame ukubuzwa kwabanikazi bezilwane kwakukhona ukuthi ngabe kukhona umoya-mpilo kubambelele umthwalo wempahla, nokuthi ngabe kwakukhona igumbi le-oxygen? Ngabe izilwane ezifuywayo zizothela futhi zife? Lokhu empeleni akuwona amaphuzu asemqoka. Indiza ngaphandle kwamakamelo we-oksijini yimikhiqizo evela esikhathini eside, esidala. Kulezi zinsuku, izindiza ezithwala izimpahla zinamakamelo okujikeleza komoya, futhi uhlelo lonke lokusakazwa komoya lungena ekubambeni imithwalo kusuka kwikhabethe futhi lujikeleze emuva kwikhabethe, lwakha uhlelo lokugeleza. Ngakho-ke, ukugcotshwa akukaze kube yinkinga ngomoya-mpilo.

Ngaphezu kwezindawo ezingaphambili nangemuva zemithwalo, indiza yanamuhla nayo inendawo ebukhoma yempahla lapho izilwane ezifuywayo ezibukhoma ezifana namakati nezinja zivame ukubekwa. Ehambisana nezilwane ezifuywayo yimithwalo yabasebenzi bezindiza nabagibeli bezifundo zokuqala, okungokokuqala ukuthuthwa ngesikhathi kulayishwa izindiza nokulayisha. Njengoba kungeyena umoya-mpilo odala ingozi lapho izilwane ezifuywayo zingena ngendiza, kuyini?

Ngaphezu komoya-mpilo, izilwane ezifuywayo zansuku zonke nazo zidinga izinga lokushisa elilungele ukusinda. Uma izinga lokushisa liphezulu kakhulu, zizodla inyamazane futhi zihlupheke ngokushisa, kuyilapho izinga lokushisa liphansi kakhulu, bayohlushwa yi-hypothermia bese ekugcineni beqhwaka kuze kube sekufeni. Ukugcina izinga lokushisa elilungele ukusinda kwezilwane kuyisihluthulelo sokusinda kwezilwane ezifuywayo lapho undiza.

Ukubuyela endabeni yokwakheka kwezindiza, kunomehluko omncane phakathi kokubamba imithwalo kanye nekhabethe labagibeli elisebhodini. I-cargo Hold inomsebenzi wokushisa kuphela, hhayi umsebenzi wokupholisa. Ezinye izindiza zingaba nama-heater ezithwala izimpahla noma zethule ukushisa ezivela enjini, ezilawulwa ukushintshwa ekugcineni komshayeli wendiza. Kufanele wazi ukuthi lapho indiza indiza ngokuphakama okuphezulu, izinga lokushisa langaphandle limayelana nokususa ama-degree angama-30, futhi umnyango wekamelo lempahla awunakubekwa uphawu njengomnyango wekhabethe, ngakho-ke asikho isidingo sokupholisa nhlobo. Kungenzeka kuphela ukuthi igumbi lempahla libanda kakhulu.

Ngokusekelwe kwimigomo yokuqamba yezindiza ezithwala izimpahla, singacabanga ngezingozi amakati nezinja ezingahlangana nazo ngesikhathi sokuhamba:

1: Ebusika eNyakatho, izilwane ezifuywayo zivame ukunikezwa abasebenzi abasebenza ngewindows ekhethekile yemithwalo 2 amahora angama-2-3 ngaphambi kwesikhathi (imizuzu engama-30 eYurophu naseMelika), bese bethuthwa yi-shuttle ibhasi eceleni kwendiza, wabe esebekwa endaweni yokugcina izinto eziningi zemithwalo. Kusukela ekuqaleni kuze kube yilapho indiza indiza iye phezulu futhi ijika ku-heater, izilwane ezifuywayo ziyohlala ezindaweni ezibandayo noma ezibandayo kakhulu. Ngemuva kokuthi indiza ifinyelele phezulu, umshayeli wendiza ujika kudivayisi yokushisa ngaphambi kokuthi iqale ukufudumala. Uma indiza isedala noma idivaysi yokushisa ayiyinhle, izinga lokushisa lingafudunyezwa kuphela kuma-degree ayi-10. Umshayeli wendiza uzosayina isaziso esikhethekile somthwalo kukaputeni ngaphambi kokuba indiza ihambe, okubandakanya into ehlukile yempahla ekhethekile - izilwane ezibukhoma, imkhumbuza ukuthi inake izinga lokushisa, ngokwesibonelo, ama-degrees angama-10-25 ngesikhathi inqubo yokushayela.

2: Ehlobo, kungakhathalekile ukuthi iNyakatho noma eningizimu, izinga lokushisa langaphandle lishisa kakhulu. Uma izinga lokushisa langaphandle lidlula ama-degree angama-30, izinga lokushisa elisebusweni bezimpahla lizoba okungenani ama-degree angama-40-50 Celsius noma ngaphezulu. Kusuka ebhasini le-shuttle kuye phambili, izilwane ezifuywayo zizobhekana nengozi yokushisa kwe-heatstroke nokuphelelwa ngamandla komzimba. Akukhona yini kuze kube yimizuzu engama-20 ngemuva kokuthi iplanethi isusa lapho izinga lokushisa elisezingeni elithile linamathela ezinhlafunweni ezithile liphenduka i-heater ukuze lilondoloze amazinga okushisa nokushisa emanzini okushisa- ku.

Singakugwema kanjani imbangela evame kakhulu yokufa kwezilwane ezifuywayo lapho indiza?

1: Zama ukukhetha izindiza ezinkulu zabagibeli kanye nendiza ebanzi yomzimba edilizayo. Ngokuvamile, ukubamba izimpahla zezindiza ezincane akunalo i-heater yokushisa esebenzayo, esetshenziselwa ukunciphisa amakhaza kubambelela ukusakazwa komoya noma ukushisa kwenjini, njenge-airbus 320, okuthambekele ekushiseni ngokweqile. Izindiza ezinkulu zendiza ezimbili ezimbili, amamodeli amasha endiza, angaba nokuqapha izinga lokushisa kanye namadivayisi wokushisa wokushisa ezitsheni ngakunye umthwalo wempahla. Ama-Pilots athembekile azobhekisisa futhi alawule izinga lokushisa le-cargo liphethe izilwane ezifuywayo ezibukhoma, njenge-Boeing 787, 777, i-Airbus 350, njalonjalo.

Lapho ukhetha indiza, nakanjani abanikazi bezilwane ezifuywayo bazokuqaphela ukuthi ezinye izindiza zimakwe njengokuvumela ukuvumela izilwane ezifuywayo ukuthi zihlolwe. Lezi zimo ikakhulukazi ngenxa yezinhlelo ezingezinhle zokulawula izinga lokushisa futhi zingaholela uma kukhona igumbi le-oksijini.

2: Khetha indiza ngokushisa okuncane kakhulu kokushisa kanye nokushisa okuthe xaxa ngesikhathi sesikhathi. Isibonelo, eningizimu noma ehlobo, zama ukukhetha izindiza ekuseni noma kusihlwa. Umoya ongaphandle upholile kakhulu kunasemkhathini, futhi izinga lokushisa ekubambeni umthwalo kukhululekile ngezilwane ezifuywayo. Ngemuva kokundiza ekuphakameni okuphezulu, umshayeli wendiza angavula i-heater ngokufanelekile ukuqinisekisa ukuthi izilwane ezifuywayo azizizwa zishisa noma zibanda.

Enyakatho noma ebusika, zama ukukhetha izindiza cishe ntambama, kungaba phansi noma emoyeni, njengoba izinga lokushisa likhululekile ukugwema ukubanda ngokweqile.

Ukuqapha okungenhla konke kulungile amalungiselelo adingekayo adinga ukwenziwa ngaphambi kokusuka ngaphambi kokusuka. Ukukhetha indawo enethezekile nephephile kubalulekile ekuthuthweni kwezilwane zasekhaya.